API 650 STD Figures and Images Classes

Figures and Images of API 650

Figures in the Body of the Document

4-1 Minimum Permissible Design Metal Temperature for Materials Used in Tank Shells without Impact Testing 4-6

4-2 Isothermal Lines of Lowest One-Day Mean Temperatures (°F) °C = (°F – 32)/1.8 4-7

4-3 Governing Thickness for Impact Test Determination of Shell Nozzle and Manhole Materials 4-13

5-1 Typical Vertical Shell Joints 5-2

5-2 Typical Horizontal Shell Joints 5-2

5-3A Typical Roof and Bottom Joints 5-3

5-3B Method for Preparing Lap-Welded Bottom Plates under Tank Shell 5-3

5-3C Detail of Double Fillet-Groove Weld for Annular Bottom Plates with a Nominal Thickness Greater

Than 13 mm (1/2 in.) 5-4

5-4 Storage Tank Volumes and Levels 5-7

5-5 Drip Ring (Suggested Detail) 5-9

5-6 Minimum Weld Requirements for Openings in Shells According to 5.7.3 5-19

5-7A Shell Manhole 5-23

5-7B Details of Shell Manholes and Nozzles 5-24

5-8 Shell Nozzles 5-25

5-9 Minimum Spacing of Welds and Extent of Related Radiographic Examination 5-37

5-10 Shell Nozzle Flanges 5-40

5-11 Area Coefficient for Determining Minimum Reinforcement of Flush-Type Cleanout Fittings 5-40

5-12 Flush-Type Cleanout Fittings 5-41

5-13 Flush-Type Cleanout-Fitting Supports 5-42

5-14 Flush-Type Shell Connection 5-46

5-15 Rotation of Shell Connection 5-49

5-16 Roof Manholes 5-51

5-17 Rectangular Roof Openings with Flanged Covers 5-55

5-18 Rectangular Roof Openings with Hinged Cover 5-56

5-19 Flanged Roof Nozzles 5-57

5-20 Threaded Roof Nozzles 5-57

5-21 Drawoff Sump 5-58

5-22 Scaffold Cable Support 5-58

5-23 Grounding Lug 5-62

5-24 Typical Stiffening-Ring Sections for Tank Shells 5-63

5-25 Stairway Opening through Stiffening Ring 5-66

5-26 Some Acceptable Column Base Details 5-74

5-27 Overturning Check for Unanchored Tanks 5-78

6-1 Shaping of Plates 6-2

8-1 Radiographic Requirements for Tank Shells 8-2

10-1 Manufacturer’s Namplate 10-1

10-2 Manufacturer’s Certification Letter 10-2

Figures in the Appendices

AL-1 Cover Plate Thickness for Shell Manholes and Cleanout Fittings AL-11

AL-2 Flange Plate Thickness for Shell Manholes and Cleanout Fittings AL-12

AL-3 Bottom Reinforcing Plate Thickness for Cleanout Fittings AL-13

AL-4 Stresses in Roof Plates AL-16

B-1 Example of Foundation with Concrete Ringwall B-3

B-2 Example of Foundation with Crushed Stone Ringwall B-4

E-1 Coefficient Ci E-10

EC-1 EC-3

EC-2 EC-3

EC-3 EC-4

EC-4 EC-5

EC-5 EC-5

EC-6 EC-6

EC-7 Design Response Spectra for Ground-Supported Liquid Storage Tanks EC-7

EC-8 Effective Weight of Liquid Ratio EC-8

EC-9 EC-8

EC-10 EC-9

EC-11 EC-10

F-1 Appendix F Decision Tree F-2

F-2 Permissible Details of Compression Rings F-3

G-1 Data Sheet for a Structurally-Supported Aluminum Dome Added to an Existing Tank G-2

G-2 Typical Roof Nozzle G-8

I-1 Concrete Ringwall with Undertank Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-1

I-2 Crushed Stone Ringwall with Undertank Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter

(Typical Arrangement) I-2

I-3 Earthen Foundation with Undertank Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter

(Typical Arrangement) I-2

I-4 Double Steel Bottom with Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-3

I-5 Double Steel Bottom with Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-3

I-6 Reinforced Concrete Slab with Leak Detection at the Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-4

I-7 Reinforced Concrete Slab with Radial Grooves for Leak Detection (Typical Arrangement) I-4

I-8 Typical Drawoff Sump I-5

I-9 Center Sump for Downward-Sloped Bottom I-5

I-10 Typical Leak Detection Wells I-6

I-11 Tanks Supported by Grillage Members (General Arrangement) I-8

O-1 Example of Under-Bottom Connection with Concrete Ringwall Foundation O-3

O-2 Example of Under-Bottom Connection with Concrete Ringwall Foundation and Improved Tank

Bottom and Shell Support O-4

O-3 Example of Under-Bottom Connection with Earth-Type Foundation O-5

P-1 Nomenclature for Piping Loads and Deformation P-4

P-2A Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.0) P-5

P-2B Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.0) P-5

P-2C Stiffness Coefficient for Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.0) P-6

P-2D Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.5) P-6

P-2E Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.5) P-7

P-2F Stiffness Coefficient for Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.5) P-7

P-2G Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.0) P-8

P-2H Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.0) P-8

P-2I Stiffness Coefficient for Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.0) P-9

P-2J Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.5) P-9

P-2K Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.5) P-10

P-2L Stiffness Coefficient for Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.5) P-10

P-3A Construction of Nomogram for b1, b2, c1, c2 Boundary P-12

P-3B Construction of Nomogram for b1, c3 Boundary P-12

P-4A Obtaining Coefficients YF and YL P-13

P-4B Obtaining Coefficient YC P-15

P-5A Determination of Allowable Loads from Nomogram: FR and ML P-16

P-5B Determination of Allowable Loads from Nomogram: FR and MC P-16

P-6 Low-Type Nozzle with Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (for Sample Problem) P-17

P-7 Allowable-Load Nomograms for Sample Problem P-20

P-8A Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 10 P-45

P-8B Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 30 P-45

P-8C Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 50 P-46

P-8D Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 100 P-46

P-8E Stress Factor fq Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 10 P-47

P-8F Stress Factor fq Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 30 P-47

P-8G Stress Factor fq Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 50 P-48

P-8H Stress Factor fq Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 100 P-48

P-9A Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 10 P-49

P-9B Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 30 P-49

P-9C Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 50 P-50

P-9D Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 100 P-50

P-9E Stress Factor fq Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 10 P-51

P-9F Stress Factor fq Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 30 P-51

P-9G Stress Factor fq Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 50 P-52

P-9H Stress Factor fq Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 100 P-52

P-10A Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 10 P-53

P-10B Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 30 P-53

P-10C Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 50 P-54

P-10D Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 100 P-54

P-10E Stress Factor fq Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 10 P-55

P-10F Stress Factor fq Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 30 P-55

P-10G Stress Factor fq Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 50 P-56

P-10H Stress Factor fq Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 100 P-56

P-11 Stress Reduction Factor P-57

V-1A Dimensions for Self-Supporting Cone Roof V-5

V-1B Dimensions for Self-Supporting Dome Roof V-7

Figures in the Body of the Document
4-1 Minimum Permissible Design Metal Temperature for Materials Used in Tank Shells without Impact Testing 4-6
4-2 Isothermal Lines of Lowest One-Day Mean Temperatures (°F) °C = (°F – 32)/1.8 4-7
4-3 Governing Thickness for Impact Test Determination of Shell Nozzle and Manhole Materials 4-13
5-1 Typical Vertical Shell Joints 5-2
5-2 Typical Horizontal Shell Joints 5-2
5-3A Typical Roof and Bottom Joints 5-3
5-3B Method for Preparing Lap-Welded Bottom Plates under Tank Shell 5-3
5-3C Detail of Double Fillet-Groove Weld for Annular Bottom Plates with a Nominal Thickness Greater Than 13 mm (1/2 in.) 5-4
5-4 Storage Tank Volumes and Levels 5-7
5-5 Drip Ring (Suggested Detail) 5-9
5-6 Minimum Weld Requirements for Openings in Shells According to 5.7.3 5-19
5-7A Shell Manhole 5-23
5-7B Details of Shell Manholes and Nozzles 5-24
5-8 Shell Nozzles 5-25
5-9 Minimum Spacing of Welds and Extent of Related Radiographic Examination 5-37
5-10 Shell Nozzle Flanges 5-40
5-11 Area Coefficient for Determining Minimum Reinforcement of Flush-Type Cleanout Fittings 5-40
5-12 Flush-Type Cleanout Fittings 5-41
5-13 Flush-Type Cleanout-Fitting Supports 5-42
5-14 Flush-Type Shell Connection 5-46
5-15 Rotation of Shell Connection 5-49
5-16 Roof Manholes 5-51
5-17 Rectangular Roof Openings with Flanged Covers 5-55
5-18 Rectangular Roof Openings with Hinged Cover 5-56
5-19 Flanged Roof Nozzles 5-57
5-20 Threaded Roof Nozzles 5-57
5-21 Drawoff Sump 5-58
5-22 Scaffold Cable Support 5-58
5-23 Grounding Lug 5-62
5-24 Typical Stiffening-Ring Sections for Tank Shells 5-63
5-25 Stairway Opening through Stiffening Ring 5-66
5-26 Some Acceptable Column Base Details 5-74
5-27 Overturning Check for Unanchored Tanks 5-78
6-1 Shaping of Plates 6-2
8-1 Radiographic Requirements for Tank Shells 8-2
10-1 Manufacturer’s Namplate 10-1
10-2 Manufacturer’s Certification Letter 10-2
Figures in the Appendices
AL-1 Cover Plate Thickness for Shell Manholes and Cleanout Fittings AL-11
AL-2 Flange Plate Thickness for Shell Manholes and Cleanout Fittings AL-12
AL-3 Bottom Reinforcing Plate Thickness for Cleanout Fittings AL-13
AL-4 Stresses in Roof Plates AL-16
B-1 Example of Foundation with Concrete Ringwall B-3
B-2 Example of Foundation with Crushed Stone Ringwall B-4
E-1 Coefficient Ci E-10
EC-1 EC-3
EC-2 EC-3
EC-3 EC-4
EC-4 EC-5
EC-5 EC-5
EC-6 EC-6
EC-7 Design Response Spectra for Ground-Supported Liquid Storage Tanks EC-7
EC-8 Effective Weight of Liquid Ratio EC-8
EC-9 EC-8
EC-10 EC-9
EC-11 EC-10
F-1 Appendix F Decision Tree F-2
F-2 Permissible Details of Compression Rings F-3
G-1 Data Sheet for a Structurally-Supported Aluminum Dome Added to an Existing Tank G-2
G-2 Typical Roof Nozzle G-8
I-1 Concrete Ringwall with Undertank Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-1
I-2 Crushed Stone Ringwall with Undertank Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-2
I-3 Earthen Foundation with Undertank Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-2
I-4 Double Steel Bottom with Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-3
I-5 Double Steel Bottom with Leak Detection at the Tank Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-3
I-6 Reinforced Concrete Slab with Leak Detection at the Perimeter (Typical Arrangement) I-4
I-7 Reinforced Concrete Slab with Radial Grooves for Leak Detection (Typical Arrangement) I-4
I-8 Typical Drawoff Sump I-5
I-9 Center Sump for Downward-Sloped Bottom I-5
I-10 Typical Leak Detection Wells I-6
I-11 Tanks Supported by Grillage Members (General Arrangement) I-8
O-1 Example of Under-Bottom Connection with Concrete Ringwall Foundation O-3
O-2 Example of Under-Bottom Connection with Concrete Ringwall Foundation and Improved Tank Bottom and Shell Support O-4
O-3 Example of Under-Bottom Connection with Earth-Type Foundation O-5
P-1 Nomenclature for Piping Loads and Deformation P-4
P-2A Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.0) P-5
P-2B Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.0) P-5
P-2C Stiffness Coefficient for Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.0) P-6
P-2D Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.5) P-6
P-2E Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.5) P-7
P-2F Stiffness Coefficient for Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement on Shell (L/2a = 1.5) P-7
P-2G Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.0) P-8
P-2H Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.0) P-8
P-2I Stiffness Coefficient for Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.0) P-9
P-2J Stiffness Coefficient for Radial Load: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.5) P-9
P-2K Stiffness Coefficient for Longitudinal Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.5) P-10
P-2L Stiffness Coefficient for Circumferential Moment: Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (L/2a = 1.5) P-10
P-3A Construction of Nomogram for b1, b2, c1, c2 Boundary P-12
P-3B Construction of Nomogram for b1, c3 Boundary P-12
P-4A Obtaining Coefficients YF and YL P-13
P-4B Obtaining Coefficient YC P-15
P-5A Determination of Allowable Loads from Nomogram: FR and ML P-16
P-5B Determination of Allowable Loads from Nomogram: FR and MC P-16
P-6 Low-Type Nozzle with Reinforcement in Nozzle Neck Only (for Sample Problem) P-17
P-7 Allowable-Load Nomograms for Sample Problem P-20
P-8A Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 10 P-45
P-8B Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 30 P-45
P-8C Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 50 P-46
P-8D Stress Factor fR Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 100 P-46
P-8E Stress Factor fq Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 10 P-47
P-8F Stress Factor fq Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 30 P-47
P-8G Stress Factor fq Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 50 P-48
P-8H Stress Factor fq Due to Radial Thrust FR, d/tn = 100 P-48
P-9A Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 10 P-49
P-9B Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 30 P-49
P-9C Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 50 P-50
P-9D Stress Factor fr Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 100 P-50
P-9E Stress Factor fq Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 10 P-51
P-9F Stress Factor fq Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 30 P-51
P-9G Stress Factor fq Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 50 P-52
P-9H Stress Factor fq Due to Circumferential Moment MC, d/tn = 100 P-52
P-10A Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 10 P-53
P-10B Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 30 P-53
P-10C Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 50 P-54
P-10D Stress Factor fr Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 100 P-54
P-10E Stress Factor fq Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 10 P-55
P-10F Stress Factor fq Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 30 P-55
P-10G Stress Factor fq Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 50 P-56
P-10H Stress Factor fq Due to Longitudinal Moment ML, d/tn = 100 P-56
P-11 Stress Reduction Factor P-57
V-1A Dimensions for Self-Supporting Cone Roof V-5
V-1B Dimensions for Self-Supporting Dome Roof V-7

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